Tuberculosis (non-pulmonary) |
Standard |
|
|
No |
Cat Scratch Disease |
Standard |
|
|
No |
Rabies |
Standard |
Animal bite |
Duration of illness |
Yes |
Yellow Fever |
Standard |
Blood |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes (if actively bleeding) |
Malaria |
Standard |
Blood |
|
No |
HIV and AIDS |
Standard |
Blood and bodily fluids |
|
No (unless bleeding) |
Parvovirus B19 (associated transient aplastic crisis or red cell crisis) |
Droplet |
Blood and body products |
For 7days after the onset of the transient aplastic or red cell crisis |
Yes |
Parvovirus B19 (immunocompromised patient with chronic parvovirus infection) |
Droplet |
Blood and body products |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes |
Ebola-Marburg Viral Diseases |
Airborne and Contact |
Blood and secretions |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes |
Leptospirosis |
Standard |
Blood and urine |
|
No |
Lassa Fever |
Airborne and Contact |
Blood, bodily fluids and respiratory secretions |
Duration of illness |
Yes |
Marburg Virus |
Airborne and Contact |
Blood, bodily fluids and respiratory secretions |
Duration of illness |
Yes |
Creutzfeltd-Jakob Disease (CJD) |
Standard |
Blood, brain tissue, spinal fluid |
|
No |
Botulism |
Standard |
Contaminated food |
|
No |
Aspergillosis |
Standard |
Decaying vegetation such as piles of leaves or compost piles |
Duration of illness |
No |
Actinomycosis |
Standard |
Dental plaque/tonsillar crypts |
Irregular |
Yes (while infectious) |
Gonorrhoea |
Standard |
Discharge |
|
No |
Erysipelas |
Contact |
Discharge from infected lesions |
For 24hours after start of effective treatment |
Yes |
Streptococcus Group A (major wound or burn) |
Contact |
Exudate/pus |
Until 24hours after start of effective therapy |
Yes |
Giardiasis |
Contact |
Faeces |
Duration of illness |
Yes |
Amebiasis (amoebiasis) |
Contact |
Faeces |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes |
Typhoid Fever and Paratyphoid Fevers |
Contact |
Faeces |
Until asymptomatic |
Yes (if symptomatic) |
Ascariasis (roundworm) |
Standard |
Faeces |
Duration of illness |
If available |
Hepatitis A |
Contact |
Faeces |
First 2 weeks of illness but no more than 1 week after onset of jaundice (except in a Neonatal ICU setting where prolonged precautions must be considered) |
Yes |
Hepatitis E |
Contact |
Faeces |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes |
Campylobacter enteritis |
Standard |
Faeces |
Until asymptomatic |
Yes |
Salmonellosis |
Standard |
Faeces |
Until asymptomatic |
Yes (if symptomatic) |
Clostridium difficile |
Contact |
Faeces |
Until asymptomatic with formed stools |
Yes |
Shigellosis |
Standard |
Faeces |
Until asymptomatic |
Yes (if symptomatic) |
Listeriosis |
Standard |
Faeces |
|
No (unless neonates) |
Cryptosporidiosis |
Standard |
Faeces |
Duration of illness |
Yes (whilst symptomatic) |
E-coli Diarrhoeal Diseases |
Contact |
Faeces |
Until asymptomatic |
Yes |
Enteroviral infection (infants and young children) |
Contact |
Faeces |
Duration of illness |
No |
Enteroviral infection (adults) |
Standard |
Faeces |
Duration of illness |
No |
Rotavirus |
Contact |
Faeces and possibly respiratory secretions |
Duration of illness |
Yes |
Poliomyelitis |
Contact |
Faeces and respiratory secretions |
|
Yes (if symptomatic with diarrhoea) |
Hand Foot and Mouth |
Contact |
Faeces or respiratory secretions |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes |
Clostridium perfringens (foodborne) |
Standard |
Food |
|
No |
Chlamydial infections (STD) |
Standard |
Genetial secretions |
Until asymptomatic |
No |
Human papillomavirus infection |
Standard |
Infected lesion |
|
No |
Ringworm |
Standard |
Infected lesions |
|
No |
Staphlococcus scalded skin syndrome (Ritter's disease) |
Contact |
Infected lesions |
Duration of illness |
Yes |
Hepatitis B |
Contact |
Infective bodily fluids |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes (if risk of bleeding) |
Hepatitis C |
Contact |
Infective bodily fluids |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes (if risk of bleeding) |
Hepatitis D |
Contact |
Infective bodily fluids |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes (if risk of bleeding) |
Scabies |
Contact |
Infested area |
Until 24hours after application of effective therapy |
Yes |
Anthrax |
Standard |
Lesion fluid |
Duration of hospitalisation |
Yes |
Syphilis |
Standard |
Lesion secretions and blood |
|
No |
Impetigo |
Contact |
Lesions |
Until 24hours after start of effective therapy |
Yes |
Gonococcal opthalmia neonatorum |
Contact |
Maternal cervix |
Until 24hours after administration of effective therapy |
Yes |
Candidiasis |
Standard |
Mouth, skin, genital secretions |
Until asymptomatic |
No |
Threadworm |
Standard |
Mucous secretion from worm |
|
No |
Tetanus |
Standard |
No direct person to person transmission |
|
No |
Streptococcus Group B (Neonatal Unit only) |
Standard |
Possible faeces |
|